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http://cibnor.repositorioinstitucional.mx/jspui/handle/1001/2937| Long-Term Variability in Sea Surface Temperature and Chlorophyll a Concentration in the Gulf of California | |
| JUANA LOPEZ MARTINEZ EDGARDO BASILIO FARACH ESPINOZA Hugo Herrera Cervantes Ricardo Garcia-Morales | |
| Acceso Abierto | |
| Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas | |
| DOI: 10.3390/rs15164088 URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/16/4088 ISSN: 2072-4292 | |
| "The Gulf of California (GC) is the only interior sea in the Eastern Pacific Ocean and is the most important fishing area in the northwestern region of the Mexican Pacific. This study focuses on the oceanographic variability of the GC, including its southern portion, which is an area with a high flow of energy and exchange of properties with the Pacific Ocean (PO), in order to determine its role in physical–biological cycles and climate change. The purpose of this work is to analyze the sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll a concentration (Chl-a) during the period from 1998–2022 as indicators of long-term physical and biological processes, oceanographic variability, and primary production in the GC. In total, 513 subareas in the GC were analyzed, and a cluster analysis was applied to identify similar areas in terms of SST and Chl-a via the K-means method and using the silhouette coefficient (>0.5) as a metric to validate the clusters obtained. The trends of the time series of both variables were analyzed, and a fast Fourier analysis was performed to evaluate cycles in the series. A descriptive analysis of the SST and Chl-a series showed that the SST decreased from south to north. Six bioregions were identified using a combined of both SST and Chl-a data. The spectral analysis of the SST showed that the main frequencies in the six bioregions were annual and interannual (3–7 years), and the frequencies of their variations were associated with basin-level weather events, such as El Niño and La Niña. The SST in the GC showed a heating trend at an annual rate of ~0.036 °C (~0.73 °C in 20 years) and a decrease in Chl-a at an annual rate of ~0.012 mg/m3 (~0.25 mg/m3 in 20 years), with potential consequences for communities and ecosystems. Additionally, cycles of 10–13 and 15–20 years were identified, and the 10–13-year cycle explained almost 40–50% of the signal power in some regions. Moreover, mesoscale features (eddies and filaments) were identified along the GC, and they were mainly associated with the clusters of the SST. All these spatial and temporal variabilities induce conditions that generate different habitats and could explain the high biodiversity of the GC..." | |
| Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | |
| 2023 | |
| Artículo | |
| Remote Sensing | |
| Inglés | |
| López Martínez, J.; Farach Espinoza, E.B.; Herrera Cervantes, H.; García Morales, R. Long-Term Variability in Sea Surface Temperature and Chlorophyll a Concentration in the Gulf of California. Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 4088. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15164088 | |
| OCEANOGRAFÍA BIOLÓGICA | |
| Versión publicada | |
| publishedVersion - Versión publicada | |
| Aparece en las colecciones: | Artículos |
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| Long-Term Variability in Sea Surface Temperature and Chlorophyll a Concentration in the Gulf of California.pdf | 85.16 kB | Adobe PDF | Visualizar/Abrir |